Mixtures of proportional hazards regression models

1999 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 1119-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ori Rosen ◽  
Martin Tanner
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Regression

scholarly journals Quantitative assessment of erector spinae muscles and prognosis in elderly patients with pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Yoshikawa ◽  
Kosaku Komiya ◽  
Takashi Yamamoto ◽  
Naoko Fujita ◽  
Hiroaki Oka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Proportional Hazards Regression ◽  
Survivor Group

AbstractErector spinae muscle (ESM) size has been reported as a predictor of prognosis in patients with some respiratory diseases. This study aimed to assess the association of ESM size on all-cause in-hospital mortality among elderly patients with pneumonia. We retrospectively included patients (age: ≥ 65 years) admitted to hospital from January 2015 to December 2017 for community-acquired pneumonia who underwent chest computed tomography (CT) on admission. The cross-sectional area of the ESM (ESMcsa) was measured on a single-slice CT image at the end of the 12th thoracic vertebra and adjusted by body surface area (BSA). Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess the influence of ESMcsa/BSA on in-hospital mortality. Among 736 patients who were admitted for pneumonia, 702 patients (95%) underwent chest CT. Of those, 689 patients (98%) for whom height and weight were measured to calculate BSA were included in this study. Patients in the non-survivor group were significantly older, had a greater frequency of respiratory failure, loss of consciousness, lower body mass index, hemoglobin, albumin, and ESMcsa/BSA. Multivariate analysis showed that a lower ESMcsa/BSA independently predicted in-hospital mortality after adjusting for these variables. In elderly patients with pneumonia, quantification of ESMcsa/BSA may be associated with in-hospital mortality.

Effect of HPV Status on Survival of Oropharynx Cancer with Distant Metastasis

2020 ◽  
Vol 163 (2) ◽  
pp. 372-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam W. Kaplon ◽  
Thomas J. Galloway ◽  
Mihir K. Bhayani ◽  
Jeffrey C. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Survival Data ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
National Cancer Database ◽  
Proportional Hazards Regression ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Hpv Status ◽  
Oropharynx Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Human papillomavirus (HPV)–positive oropharynx squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is known to have improved survival over HPV-negative disease. However, it is largely unknown whether HPV status similarly affects survival in patients presenting with distant metastatic disease. We queried the National Cancer Database for OPSCC with distant metastasis. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression models controlling for relevant demographics were used to evaluate overall survival. In total, 768 OPSCC cases were available for analysis with HPV and survival data: 50% of cases were HPV negative and 50% were HPV positive. The 1- and 2-year survival for HPV-negative disease was 49% and 27%, respectively, as compared with 67% and 42% in the HPV-positive cohort. HPV positivity was associated with improved median survival in treated and untreated patients. Age, comorbidities, and HPV status were predictive of improved survival on multivariate analysis. HPV-positive OPSCC has improved survival in the setting of distant metastatic presentation as compared with HPV-negative disease and shows greater responsiveness to treatment.

Association of anxiety and depression concerns with overall levels of patient reported distress during radiotherapy.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (31_suppl) ◽  
pp. 182-182
Author(s):  
Robin Landy ◽  
Dale Alan Whitaker ◽  
Niveditha Jagadesh ◽  
Gerald Strong ◽  
Nicolette Chimato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Patient Anxiety ◽  
Proportional Hazards Regression ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Level Of Concern ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Palliative Patients

182 Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of three different measures of anxiety and depression with patient reported distress (PRD) level and survival after radiotherapy (RT). Methods: 518 patients who underwent RT between 2012 and 2016 were included in this retrospective study. PRD was assessed at the time of RT using the NCCN thermometer and a 30 question survey of distress related items. PRD and clinical and demographic data was retrospectively collected and analyzed. The three measures this study focused on that assessed patient anxiety and depression involved asking patients about their level of concern regarding feeling down, regarding loss of interest, and regarding feeling nervous. Associations between baseline patient characteristics and survival after start of RT were evaluated using single variable Cox proportional hazards regression models. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. Associations of level of concern regarding patient anxiety/depression with survival after RT were evaluated using single variable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results: Overall, PRD level and concern regarding anxiety/depression were positively correlated (p < 0.001). Additionally, there was a significant association between level of concern regarding feeling down and palliative patients (p = 0.03). There was also a significant association between level of concern regarding loss of interest and palliative patients (p = 0.03), with level of concern highest for thorax, breast, and head and neck. There was also a significant different between level of concern regarding feeling nervous and gender (p = 0.05). There was not a significant difference between any of the three measures and survival after RT (all p ≥ 0.21). Conclusions: Anxiety and depression in patients receiving palliative and curative RT was associated with overall distress. Baseline screening of PRD may identify patients who would benefit from intervention to address the causes of their underlying anxiety and depression.

scholarly journals The Association between Noise Exposure and Metabolic Syndrome: A Longitudinal Cohort Study in Taiwan

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Huang ◽  
Ta-Chien Chan ◽  
Ying-Jhen Huang ◽  
Wen-Chi Pan
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
High Noise ◽  
Proportional Hazards Regression ◽  
Using Data

Metabolic syndrome is becoming more common worldwide. Studies suggest environmental pollution, including traffic noise, might be linked with metabolic syndrome. This study sought to evaluate how noise exposure is linked to the development of metabolic syndrome and its components in Taiwan. Using data from a cohort of 42,509 participants and Cox proportional hazards regression models, the effects of noise exposure on metabolic syndrome and its components were quantified. After adjustment for covariates (age, gender, body mass index, and physical activity), the hazard ratio for metabolic syndrome was 1.13 (95% CI: 1.04–1.22) for medium noise exposure and 1.24 (95% CI: 1.13–1.36) for high noise exposure. Noise exposure was also positively associated with all of metabolic syndrome’s components. This finding suggests noise exposure might contribute to metabolic syndrome and its components. Policies aiming to reduce noise pollution might reduce the risks of metabolic syndrome and its components.

Abstract P359: High Blood Pressure in African HIV+ Patients Increases Long-Term Mortality

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald S Bloomfield ◽  
Joseph W Hogan ◽  
Alfred Keter ◽  
Thomas L Holland ◽  
Edwin Sang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Proportional Hazards Regression ◽  
Crude Mortality ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact

Background: Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the modern era are at risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. High blood pressure (BP) is common in sub-Saharan Africa, however, global attention in the region has been mostly focused on HIV. The impact of BP on mortality among adults with HIV in this region has not been reported. Objective: The objective was to determine the impact of BP on mortality among HIV seropositive (+) adults without acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in Kenya. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of de-identified medical records of the Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare HIV treatment program between 2005 and 2010. We excluded patients with AIDS, who were <16 or >80 years old, or with data out of acceptable ranges. There were 49,475 HIV+ individuals who satisfied inclusion/exclusion criteria (Figure 1). Missing data for key covariates was addressed by inverse probability weighting. We summarize crude mortality rates across BP categories, separately by gender. We used proportional hazards regression models to characterize the effect of BP on mortality, adjusting for baseline demographic and clinical factors. We subdivided the sample according to those who were clinically stable, defined as having ≥CD4 350 or WHO Stage 1. Results: Our sample was 74% (36,616 of 49,475) women. Mortality rates for men and women were 3.8/100 and 1.8/100 person-years, respectively. Crude mortality rate among clinically stable men was higher with systolic BP ≥140 mmHg (3.0, 95% CI: 1.6-5.5) than with normal systolic BP (1.1, 95% CI: 0.7-1.7). In weighted proportional hazards regression models, clinically stable men with systolic BP ≥140 mmHg carried a higher mortality risk than normotensive men (HR: 2.39, 95% CI: 0.94 to 6.08). Conclusions: Blood pressure is an important aspect of the care of HIV+ patients in sub-Saharan Africa. High systolic BP is associated with mortality among clinically stable men without AIDS. Further investigation into cause of death in warranted.

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